Refugee’s son finds his bearings in a new land

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Refugee’s son finds his bearings in a new land

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Yann, an 11-year-old boy from Congo, lives in Korea with his family. He came here in June 2008 after his father was given refugee status. By Kang Jung-hyun

Yann, an 11-year-old boy from Congo, came to Korea in June of last year as a refugee. His father, a former intelligence service officer for Congo’s government, was arrested on subversion charges in 2002 for helping a figure in an anti-government organization.

Yann’s father managed to escape from prison in Congo with the help of a former co-worker. After obtaining a fake passport, he sought exile at the Korean embassy in China and waited six years for refugee status.

While his father was busy in China trying to persuade the Korean government to grant his family refugee status, Yann, his mother and his two siblings drifted from slum to slum in Congo with no access to running water and electricity. Yann’s mother suffered from depression, lumbar disc problems and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Yann’s family reunited in Korea in June 2008 after being given refugee status. With the help of a local church, Yann’s family lives in an old house that measured 59 square meters (635 square feet). While the house was small for a five-member family, Yann, an alias, said he thought it was amazing because his family could use electricity and tap water all day.

Not long after his family settled in Korea, Yann’s parents received a surprise call from a police precinct near Yann’s school saying Yann fought with schoolmates. Yann’s classmates bullied him over his skin color, telling him in Korean to go back to Africa.

“I couldn’t understand Korean at the time, but I sensed instantly that they were speaking ill of me,” Yann said.

The fights continued, and Yann’s parents consulted with the church that helped them find the house. Afterwards, they decided to transfer Yann to an elementary school that a lot of churchgoers attended.

Yann should be in the fifth grade of elementary school, but he takes classes with second graders. Because he doesn’t speak Korean well, he has a hard time following the fifth grade curriculum. Yann stopped fighting with his classmates and opted to learn Korean.

“I no longer get into fights even if someone teases me,” Yann said. “I want to become a physician who can treat a sick person like my mom.”

Yann studies hard, but his parents cannot help his academics. Yann’s father doesn’t have a job and his mother is sick.

His family relies on 800,000 won ($679.69) in monthly financial aid from the church that helped his family find housing, but there’s not much left for the five-person family after Yann’s parents pay for meals, after-school programs and utilities every month.

Yann’s school teacher sent his parents a letter about Yann’s performance in school.

His parents wrote back saying that they could not help Yann with his school work because they could not speak Korean.

The Congolese boy recently wrote in his journal about the envy he feels for his friend’s big house with a refrigerator full of food, but he never mentioned it to his parents.

“My mom is sick and my dad poor,” Yann said.

Refugee advocates have noticed Yann’s plight.

“The boy’s grown up too early,” said Lee Ho-taek, the head of Refugee Pnan, a local NGO that helps refugees in Korea.

Yann said he has a simple, but ambitious goal: getting a perfect score on spelling tests at school.

“I just want to take fifth grader’s classes like other kids my age,” Yann said. “If there’s a Christmas gift that I can receive, I want a Korean language teacher.”

Yann takes out a Korean comic book about a boy named Kkeobeong who takes a historic journey across the country.

“Comic books are easy to understand because they use short sentences,” Yann said.

A poster of the Korean alphabet hangs on the wall of Yann’s room, and Yann wrote his family members’ names in Korean beside it.

“I like Korea [better than Congo] and I want to live here,” Yann said earnestly. Korean is the first alphabet he ever learned.

Kim Seong-in, head of Nancen, a local refugee human rights center, said a bumpy road lies ahead for Yann because he cannot go back to Congo.

“He cannot go back to his home country, and it’s hard for him to live in Korea,” Kim said.



By Jeong Seon-eon, Kim Mi-ju [mijukim@joongang.co.kr]
Related Korean Article

2009년을 보내며 - 대한민국 ‘마이너리티 2세’ 그들의 외침 ① 열한 살 콩고 난민 얀


“검다고 놀려도 이젠 안 싸울거야 한글 배워 한국에 살고 싶으니까”

한국 사회에도 다양한 소수자가 존재하고 있다. 난민, 다문화 가정, 외국인 노동자, 탈북자 등이다. 1세대가 정착하면서 그들의 자녀가 우리 사회의 중요한 구성원으로 자리 잡기 시작했다. 하지만 2세들도 부모와 마찬가지로 차별과 소외를 경험하고 있다. 2009년을 마무리하며 ‘마이너리티 2세’의 삶을 짚어 봤다.

얼굴이 검어서 도드라져 보이는 큰 눈, 곱슬 머리, 웃으면 하얗게 드러나는 이. 얀(11·가명)은 난민의 아들이다. 아프리카 콩고민주공화국(이하 콩고)에서 태어났다. 지난해 6월부터 한국에서 살게 됐다. 1년 반밖에 안 됐지만 얀은 한국말을 대부분 알아듣는다. 콩고는 프랑스어를 쓴다.

얀의 아빠(43)는 콩고의 정보기관에서 일했다. 그러나 많은 사람이 죽어나가는 상황을 참을 수 없었다. 반정부 인사를 돕던 그는 2002년 체포됐다. 옛 동료의 도움으로 아빠는 탈옥했다. 가짜 여권으로 중국에 입국해 한국 대사관을 찾았다. 아빠는 난민신청을 한 뒤 6년을 기다렸다.

그 6년간, 얀의 가족은 콩고의 빈민촌을 전전했다. 엄마(38)와 얀, 그리고 동생 둘까지 네 식구가 전기도 수돗물도 들어오지 않는 판자촌에서 살았다. 엄마는 디스크와 우울증, 그리고 외상 후 스트레스 장애를 얻었다. 아빠가 한국에서 난민 지위를 얻게 된 후, 지난해 6월 가족은 콩고를 빠져 나왔다. 얀의 가족은 한 교회의 도움으로 인천의 다세대주택에 살게 됐다. 59㎡(약 18평) 정도의 낡은 집은 다섯 식구에겐 좁았다. 그러나 밤에도 불을 켤 수 있고 언제나 물이 나오는 수돗물이 얀은 신기했다.

한국에 온 지 얼마 안 된 지난해 여름 어느 날. 치안센터에서 집으로 연락이 왔다. 얀이 아이들과 싸웠다고 했다. 아이들이 얀의 피부색에 시비를 걸었다. “아프리카가 집이니 돌아가라”고 했다. 얀은 “한국말을 못 알아들었지만 그들의 말이 욕이라는 걸 알았다”고 했다. 이런 일은 몇 차례 더 있었다. 부모는 교회와 상의 끝에 신도의 자녀들이 많이 다니는 초등학교로 얀을 입학시켰다.

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