Court sides with government in fight against KTU
The constitutionality petition was a crucial part of the legal battle between the country’s second-largest teachers union and the government.
The verdict puts the union - with 60,000 members - at a disadvantage in its ongoing lawsuit to challenge the government’s decision.
In October 2013, the Ministry of Employment and Labor informed the KTU of its decision to take away its legal status based on the fact that the union had refused an order to amend its bylaws.
The bylaws provided memberships to teachers who had been dismissed - nine former teachers were still in the union at the time - and the ministry argued that those codes were in violation of the law governing the establishment and operation of teachers’ unions.
The KTU filed a lawsuit to challenge the ministry’s decision, though the Seoul Administrative Court ruled in favor of the government. The court granted an injunction to the union, however, barring the government from treating it as an unlawful group throughout the court battle.
In 2014, the union took the case to the Seoul High Court, asking the appeals court to order the ministry to reverse its decision. The union also requested that the high court ask the Constitutional Court to examine the law that the ministry had used as legal grounds to strip the organization of its status.
Article 2 of the Act on the Establishment, Operation, Etc., of Trade Unions for Teachers defines a teacher as “a person prescribed in Article 19(1) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. Provided that any dismissed persons who have made an application to remedy unfair labor practices to the Labor Relations Commission under the provision of Article 82(1) of the Trade Union and Labor Relations Adjustment Act shall be regarded as teachers until a review decision is made by the National Labor Relations Commission.”
The Constitutional Court said Thursday that the article is constitutional, ruling that dismissed teachers cannot be members of a teachers’ union. Of the nine justices, eight ruled that it was constitutional, while one judge said it is unconstitutional.
In order to protect the union’s role representing teachers, it is inevitable to provide memberships only to current teachers, the court said, adding that the dismissed teachers, under the law on trade unions, can create a separate union of their own; therefore, their right to organize was not infringed upon by the relevant article.
Barring dismissed teachers from joining the KTU is a small restriction, the court said, but when they join the union and exercise rights, the union can face serious infringement on its independence. It is up to the Seoul High Court to validate the government’s decision to take away the KTU’s legality.
The union said it will stage a demonstration outside Seoul Train Station on Saturday.
The KTU was founded in 1989 as an illegal union because public servants, including teachers, were banned at the time from participating in political activities or expressing political views. It was fully legalized in 1999, before being stripped of its legal status in 2013.
Once the union loses its legal status, it will lose about 5.2 billion won ($4.9 million) in government funding and its right to collective bargaining.
BY SER MYO-JA [ser.myoja@joongang.co.kr]
with the Korea JoongAng Daily
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