Arts & Design

King of period films takes his career in a new direction

Director Lee Joon-ik recently announced his departure from filmmaking after his recent film “Pyongyang Castle” failed to attract moviegoers. [JoongAng Ilbo]

In a sudden announcement over the weekend, director Lee Joon-ik said he was leaving commercial filmmaking.

“Congratulate me. I’m quitting directing because the audience [for his recent film “Pyongyang Castle”] was just 1.7 million, far fewer than the 2.5 million we had expected,” Lee wrote on his Twitter page.

He will, however, continue to work in film, with a focus on independent and documentary productions.

Before “Pyongyang Castle” was released on Jan. 27, Lee had often told the media that he would retire from commercial filmmaking if his next film was a failure.

People speculate he is giving up commercial filmmaking because he hasn’t yet been able to duplicate the success of his 2005 megahit “The King and the Clown,” which was the first film to attract 10 million moviegoers and still remains the highest-grossing film in Korean history.

The film, his third, catapulted the director to stardom and allowed him to pursue his passion for making period films. In fact, four of Lee’s eight films, including “Pyongyang Castle,” have been historical dramas.

“Many Korean teenagers are well aware of Japan’s Battle of Sekigahara because it is often depicted in Japanese comics,” Lee said during a recent interview with the JoongAng Ilbo.

“But they don’t know much about Korean history. They don’t even know who General Gyebaek is or what the Vietnam War means to Korea.

“The United States has a 230-year-long history and ours is about 5,000 years old. But American history books are much thicker than ours. And history is a mandatory subject [in the U.S.] but is optional for us,” Lee said, referring to a change in education law that makes Korean history optional for all students.

Here are excerpts from a recent interview with Lee. Since the interview was conducted before Lee’s announcement, much of the interview centers on his passion for Korean history and period films. When he made the announcement, Lee was in Mongolia shooting a documentary about the environment and was therefore unavailable for comment.

A still from Lee’s latest period comedy “Pyongyang Castle” Provided by Lotte Entertainment

Q. Why have you continued to make period films?

A. Korea’s economy has grown dramatically over the past 50 years. I think it’s time for us to think about our own cultural values and to produce cultural products based on that.

Culture is based on literature, history and philosophy. Of the three, I think history is the most important. But because we are often exposed to (cultural products) based on Western history, I think we tend to forget about our roots.

Even in the film industry it’s hard to find period films that were made after the ’80s.

I see your point. But most of your films are only loosely based on historical events and contain fictional elements. For example, in “Pyongyang Castle,” Silla helps Goguryeo, even though in reality Silla formed an alliance with the Tang Dynasty.

I’m not saying that every period film has to be entirely based on fact. The most important thing for a period film is to make a connection between historical events and current ones in order to get moviegoers interested in the story. The confrontation between Silla and Goguryeo (in “Pyongyang Castle”) reminded me of the current situation between North and South Korea.

(Silla, Goguryeo and Baekje ruled the Korean Peninsula during the Three Kingdoms period from 57 B.C.-668.)

It’s been said that you mock historical figures in your films.

I just try to portray historical figures as ordinary people with greed and ambitions, just like everyone else.

How do you feel about young Koreans who are indifferent to history?

Before the release of “Once Upon a Time in a Battlefield” in 2003, my team did a survey of young students and we found that almost half of them didn’t know who General Gyebaek is.

When my other film “Sunny” (2008) was released, we did another survey of teenagers and found that they didn’t know that Korea had sent troops to the Vietnam War. I was really stunned.

(General Gyebaek was a general in the Baekje Dynasty. He is famous for his winning spree during the Battle of Hwangsanbeol against an ally of Silla in 660.)

Do you have any suggestions for improving history education?

It seems like people try to draw a sharp line between official and unofficial history. Instead of doing that, I think it would be better to teach both official and unofficial history. Look at Korean pottery. It’s some of the world’s best. The potter who made the best pottery of his or her time is a real hero. Ondol (the traditional Korean floor heating system) is used in some European countries these days. The person who invented ondol is also a hero. Don’t you think it would be interesting to learn about these people in history classes?

Were you good at history when you were in school?

No. I’m one of those victims of the Korean education system, when students had to learn the whole history book by heart. That type of learning doesn’t last that long.

Do you think Korean myths are good material for film?

The history of Gojoseon (an ancient Korean kingdom) is like a treasure trove for us.

The ideal marriage of history and film can be seen in fantasy films like “The Lord of the Rings” and the “Harry Potter” series. But masterpieces like “The Lord of the Rings” series aren’t made overnight. Before “The Lord of the Rings” series, which is based on Northern European myths, there were stepping stones such as “Gladiator” (2000) and “Braveheart” (1995).

You made your directorial debut in 1993 with a family film titled “Kid Cop.” What inspired you to make it?

I often took my son to the movies and realized we had no choice but to watch Hollywood movies. It was pretty much the same when I was in school. All we had were Western movies. So I decided to make films for families and children.

Is it a burden to be the first director to attract 10 million viewers?

Yes. Audiences expect me to make films like “The King and the Clown” and “Radio Star” (2006) again, but I am always trying to come up with something new.

By Kim Joon-sool [so@joonang.co.kr]

Related Korean Article[일간스포츠]
‘평양성’ 이준익 감독, 상업영화 은퇴 선언 화제
'왕의 남자'로 천만관객을 모았던 이준익 감독이 상업영화를 찍지 않겠다고 선언해 화제다.

이준익 감독은 지난 26일 자신의 트위터에 "'평양성', 250만에 못 미치는 결과인 170만, 저의 상업영화 은퇴를 축하해 주십시오'라는 글을 남겼다. 이준익 감독은 '평양성' 개봉에 앞서 몇몇 인터뷰를 통해 '이번 영화가 손익분기점을 넘기지 못하면 더 이상 상업영화 연출을 하지 않겠다'고 말한 바 있다. 트위터를 통한 이번 발언은 자신의 말에 책임을 지겠다는 의미로 보인다는 게 관계자들의 전언.

'평양성'의 손익분기점은 250만명이다. 이준익 감독이 글을 남긴 시점까지 총 관객수는 170만에 그쳤으며 극장 측이 신작으로 '평양성'의 자리를 대체하고 있어 더 이상의 기록 경신은 어렵다.

영화계 한 관계자는 "이준익 감독이 전작 '구르믈 버서난 달처럼'과 '님은 먼 곳에' 등의 연이은 흥행실패로 큰 부담을 안고 있었다. 내용과 완성도 면에 있어서는 호평을 받기도 했지만 관객들이 외면하는 영화를 찍었다는 것에 대해 스스로 '감이 떨어졌다'는 생각을 하게 된 것"이라며 "그보다도 회사 재정에 악영향을 미치고 있다는 사실 때문에 스스로 자조적인 말을 한 것도 있는 것 같다. 이준익 감독은 충무로 내에서도 상업영화 제작과 연출 및 외화 수입 등에 노하우를 갖춘 우수한 영화인으로 통한다. 잠시 휴식기를 가지고 복귀할 수 있는 계기를 마련했으면 하는 바람"이라고 전했다

이준익 감독은 1993년 '키드캅'을 통해 감독으로 데뷔했다. 이후 '황산벌' '왕의 남자' '라디오 스타' 등을 연출했다.