Old fears for SE Asia tourism
Published: 10 Sep. 2015, 23:28
Economies and businesses slowly recovered. Then, in October 2002 and October 2005, terrorist bombings devastated parts of the Indonesian resort island of Bali, killing hundreds of tourists and residents. Tourism receipts again spiraled downward.
Now, fears have been raised again about travel to Southeast Asia. Where once it might have been Indonesia, or the Philippines given that nation’s longstanding struggles with separatists on the island of Mindanao, this time it was Thailand.
After the bombing of a revered religious shrine in central Bangkok, which injured more than a 100 and killed 20 people - many of ethnic Chinese origin - Hong Kong quickly raised its “Outbound Travel Alert” for Bangkok to red. “Residents intending to visit Thailand (Bangkok) should adjust their travel plans and avoid non-essential travel, including leisure travel,” said the official Hong Kong government news release.
Arrests and investigations continue to play out as to who was behind the attack on the Erawan Shrine, and whether an “international terrorist group” was involved. Regardless, steps will need to be taken on fundamental traveler safety and security issues, including, for example, addressing broken surveillance cameras and other shortcomings uncovered so far. And such steps must be taken not just for tourists, but for a city’s own citizens. All lives matter, tourist or resident.
So what more can all the nations of Southeast Asia do as a region to keep travel and tourism - including spending by Koreans and other visitors - a key economic contributor to local businesses and communities?
The 10 countries that comprise the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, have committed in the past to a vision of “responsible, sustainable and inclusive tourism development.” The need for greater connectivity of Southeast Asia’s diversity of destinations also will be underscored in an “ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan, 2016-2020” to be launched at the 2016 ASEAN Tourism Forum to be held in the Philippines.
But ensuring greater information sharing and other steps to ensure visitor safety is also critical. Policy makers also should recommit to three broad steps to ensure Southeast Asia remains competitive, individually and collectively, and safe as a destination.
First, ASEAN member nations must work to build greater flexibility and segmentation into their efforts. The ability of hotels and tour operators, among others, to adapt is critical particularly as the visitor mix evolves. Meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions may well come to the forefront for some destinations. The growing numbers of Chinese tourists and the need to tailor marketing and outreach efforts to their needs, just as has been done for Korean and Japanese visitors in the past, is one clear trend that can be leveraged.
Chinese travelers already now make up about 25 percent of all foreign visitors annually to Thailand, and their presences is being felt across the region. More than 4 million visitors from China traveled to Thailand in the first half of this year alone, and those numbers were expected to grow, prior to the recent bombing.
Second, all 10 nations of ASEAN must continue to invest in their product offering. This must include finding funds for the maintenance of existing destinations as well as the establishment of new ones. While not every nation will have the resources of a Singapore to fund landmark new attractions such as the city-state’s award-winning Gardens by the Bay, investment and a supporting regulatory environment is critical to ensure continued competitiveness.
The need for resources for both development and maintenance also is best addressed by partnership with and involvement of the private sector. Development of a corruption?free, enabling environment for business to succeed must be a clear priority. The upcoming “2015 Formula 1 Singapore Airlines Singapore Grand Prix” is just one example of a corporate-supported travel attraction and how public and private sectors can work together. And as hotels and restaurants must reinvest in their properties, so too must government-owned attractions, from national parks to state-funded museums and airports.
And third, all of ASEAN must recognize that the region’s sustained attractiveness will be driven by its residents and the services they provide - and then act accordingly. At the heart of Southeast Asia’s attractiveness as a destination must be its people - more than buildings or beaches, no matter how historic or attractive. Educational investments must follow as well as access to capital, with clear metrics for success.
For emerging destinations in particular, such as Laos and Myanmar, this focus on human resources and capacity building is as critical as their focus on building core physical infrastructure. Community involvement also will be important to build support for nascent travel and tourism efforts and to help ensure tourism dollars stay in the community. Even the richest of ASEAN’s member states also must address the issue of human capital as higher paying industries draw people away.
Even amidst terrorism worries, Southeast Asia’s attractiveness as a destination rightly endures. Tourism can more than survive. It can continue to thrive, attracting growing numbers from Hong Kong, Mainland China, Korea and elsewhere, even as we mourn the loss of life at Bangkok’s Erawan Shrine.
But a focus on strengthened security and basic law and order will be fundamental to the sustained growth of any ASEAN member state’s tourism sector, including Thailand’s. Vigilance and preparation are key. And so too, lessons must be learned and acted upon.
*The author, a former U.S. Ambassador to the Asian Development Bank, is managing director of advisory firm RiverPeak Group, LLC. Follow him on Twitter at @CurtisSChin.
by Curtis S. Chin
with the Korea JoongAng Daily
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