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USFK commander underscores 'strategic triangle' linking South Korea, Japan, Philippines in 'east-up' map

Published: 17 Nov. 2025, 14:40 Updated: 18 Nov. 2025, 13:41

In this map representing USFK commander Gen. Xavier Brunson’s “east-up” philosophy, the Korean Peninsula has been placed in the middle of the map, which has been rotated to place the east near the top to better reveal the peninsula’s geostrategic value. [UNITED STATES FORCES KOREA]

The chief of U.S. Forces Korea (USFK) said Monday three U.S. allies in the Indo-Pacific — South Korea, Japan and the Philippines — can be grouped as a "strategic triangle" for regional security cooperation in his "east-up map" philosophy.

Gen. Xavier Brunson made the remarks, in reference to a map that puts the east at the top rather than standard north-south mapping, amid Washington's renewed calls for its allies to do more for "collective defense" and an increasing emphasis on "strategic flexibility" amid an intensifying Sino-U.S. rivalry.

Unlike conventional mapping, which places North Korea and Russia north of South Korea, east-up mapping tends to visually highlight areas south of the Korean Peninsula, including countries such as Taiwan and the Philippines.

"Perhaps the most significant insight from east-up mapping is the emergence of a strategic triangle connecting Korea, Japan and the Philippines," Brunson said in an article carried on the USFK website.

"When these three mutual defense treaty partners are viewed as vertices of a triangle rather than isolated bilateral relationships, their collective potential becomes clear," he said.

When asked about the advantage of such a framework compared with existing bilateral alliance structures, Brunson stressed it is "not about forming a new alliance" but finding practical ways to coordinate based on geographic ties.

"That geometry strengthens the collective ability to preserve stability across the region while reinforcing the enduring mission that begins here on the peninsula; the credible combined deterrence that keeps aggression, particularly from the North, in check," he said in a separate written response.

Gen. Xavier Brunson, commander of the U.S. Forces Korea, speaks to reporters during a press conference at Camp Humphreys in Pyeongtaek, on Aug. 8. [YONHAP]

Brunson also said South Korea has the “capability to impose cost” on Russia’s Northern Fleet, China’s Northern Theater Command and the North Korean military. The commander said South Korea’s geographic location offers a unique advantage, enabling it to exert influence across “multiple axes of competition” that include North Korea, China and Russia.

The “capability to impose cost” refers to a strategy of leveraging one’s strengths to force adversaries into an unfavorable contest, thereby imposing costs on them.

By country, he mentioned how the three countries are each equipped with unique capabilities — Korea's central depth, Japan's technological advantage and maritime reach and the Philippines' access to key southern sea lanes.

Extending on such an analysis, the USFK commander reiterated how the strategic positioning of South Korea can help overcome the limitations that come from the geographic distance of the broader Indo-Pacific region.

"This shift in perspective illuminates Korea's role as a natural strategic pivot," he said, noting how the USFK headquarters in Camp Humphreys is located about 160 miles from Pyongyang, 610 miles from Beijing and 1,100 miles from Vladivostok.

This photo, taken from the U.S. Forces Korea website, shows the soldiers of 2nd Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment, 35th Air Defense Artillery Brigade being greeted by Eighth Army and 35th ADA leaders as they deplane at Osan Air Base, south of Seoul, on Oct. 30. [U.S. FORCES KOREA]

"Korea is positioned to address northern threats from Russia while simultaneously providing western reach against Chinese activities in the waters between Korea and China."

"Forces already positioned on the Korean Peninsula are revealed not as distant assets requiring reinforcement, but as troops already positioned inside the bubble perimeter that the U.S. would need to penetrate in the event of crisis or contingency."

The issue of strategic flexibility and whether the role of the 28,500-strong USFK could be adjusted has been an issue surrounding the decades-long South Korea-U.S. alliance as the allies seek to "modernize" it in a changing security environment, defined by China's increasing assertiveness and deepening military alignment between North Korea and Russia.

In a press conference following their bilateral security talks earlier this month, U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said "flexibility for regional contingencies is something we would take a look at," when asked about the possibility of USFK being deployed in the event of a contingency in the Taiwan Strait.

North Korea has condemned the east-up map as a "map for invasion." In a state media report in July, the North said the map "intensively shows the U.S. attempt to invade Asia."

BY YONHAP, SHIM SEOK-YONG [[email protected]]